Index | Sources | Home | Join an Online Community
1960s
Overview
The Civil Rights Movement and the anti-Vietnam War sentiment gave way to curriculum changes that included compensatory educationa nd Head Start programs. The federal government supported instructional development in the establishment of R&D laboratories, and large curriculum develoment projects.Lobbying to broaden the audiovisual (AV) field to encompass instructional technology came about.
Highlights
- (1961) Jerome Bruner publishes The Process of Education
- (1962) Robert Miller- developed detailed task analysis procedures
- (1962) Robert Mager publishes his book, “Preparing Instructional Objectives” in 1962. This book helped popularize the use of performance objectives by educators and others.
- (1962) Robert Gagne published The Conditions of Learning
- (1962) Robert Glaser employed the term instructional system and named, elaborated, and diagrammed its components including criterion-referenced measures - tests interpreted in terms of competencies mastered
- Federal support increased for Instructional Development
- (1965) Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
- James Finn, Arthur Lumsdaine, et. al. - move Audio Visual field toward a design of instructional messages
- (1963) the Keller Plan used for University college classes
- (1966) Jerome Bruner's model of Discovery Learning, publishes Toward a Theory of Instruction
- (1969) First broadcast of Sesame Street
- (1969) McMaster University introduces problem-based learning in medical education
- criterion-referenced measures
- tests interpreted in terms of competencies mastered
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (1965)
- funded R&D labs
- mandated evaluation of educational projects
Keller Plan (developed by F.S. Keller, a colleague of Skinner)
- individually paced
- lectures and demonstrations motivational rather thean critical information
- use of proctors which permitted testing, immediate scoring, tutoring, personal-social aspect of educational process